These industrial paints or pigmented
coatings are based on varnishes or varnish
and oil mixtures rather than straight
oil vehicles. An enamel made of cellulose
lacquer is sometimes known as a lacquer
enamel, as distinguished from a clear
or unpigmented lacquer or from an enamel
made from other varnishes, but is more
frequently referred to simply as a lacquer.
Because of their rapid rate of evaporation,
the pigmented lacquers must be ground
in ball mills. When the ultimate in durability
and resistance to severe of difficult
conditions is required, especially where
the product is to be baked at high temperatures,
the alkyds and other high-grade synthetic
resin enamels are used instead of lacquers.
Industrial and household
enamels will wrinkle, crack, and exhibit
other faults unless they are brushed
or sprayed with the proper smoothness
and uniformity of film thickness for
which they were designed. As a general
rule their life on canvas is shorter
than on more rigid supports.
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